A nutrient is a substance in food that provides nourishment for growth and sustainment of life. Two classes of nutrients are essential for humans: macronutrients and micronutrients. While every consumable food in the human diet is made of one or more macronutrients, not all dietary foods contain micronutrients. A diverse diet including vegetables, fruits, whole grains, dairy products, and seafood usually ensures that populations in developed countries consume the vitamins and minerals they nee…